Law on Torts in Australia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Law on Torts in Australia - Essay Example The law is clear on the fact that the defendant had no right to touch the person of the plaintiff as the defendant did not have any arrest warrant authorizing him to take Tom into custody.3 Upon refusal by the plaintiff to accompany the defendant to the police station, the defendant should have left the premises and proceeded to go and obtain a court order or a warrant of arrest that would have allowed him to take the plaintiff into custody for questioning4. The plaintiff could argue that the actions of the two defendants caused economic injury to his business as a result of their insisting on questioning him within the premises of Tom’s business property at the reception area in full view of his waiting customers. Hargrave v Goldman (1936) 110 CLR 40, 495 (Windeyer J). Tom can argue that the actions of the two officers had adversely affected his business by portraying him negatively in full view of the customers. Tom can also claim that his business suffered extensive loss as a result of the Defendant officer Derk detaining him for longer than was actually necessary at the police station even after he had questioned him for a reasonable duration of time without a warrant or court order authorizing him to do so.6 Causes of Court Action Available to the Plaintiff The Plaintiff can take several legal recourses against the defendants. In the case of Tom, the plaintiff versus Officers Derk and Falcon, the defendants, he can be able to sue the two for trespassing onto his property as was seen in the case of Adams v. State of New South Wales & ors (2001) New South Wales District Court.7 The law defines trespass as â€Å"Trespass is a tortious cause of action dealing with direct and intentional interferences to either the person, land or to goods.† Reynolds v Clarke (1725) 1 Str 634. They can be sued as a result of their refusal to leave the plaintiff’s property even after he had asked them to do so. The two defendants also went on to search the p laintiffs workshop without a warrant and are liable to be sued for conducting an illegal search as was in the case of Curran & ors v. Walsh & ors (1998) unreported, New South Wales District Court.8 In the case of The Plaintiff Tom Versus the defendant Officer Falcon, the plaintiff can sue the defendant for trespass on his person. By placing his hand on the plaintiff’s shoulder, the defendant had directly and deliberately caused there to be physical contact between his person and the plaintiff’s person without the consent or the legal justification to do so and hence was liable to be sued.9 In the case of the plaintiff, Tom versus the defendant, officer Derk, the plaintiff could sue for economic damages sustained as a result of the officer retaining him for questioning at the police station for too long. In the case of â€Å"Caltex Oil (Australia) Pty Ltd v The Dredge â€Å"Willemstad† [1976] HCA 6510† Caltex were able to recover damages for the economic l osses they suffered without having suffered any actual physical damage.11 Tom was unnecessarily detained for questioning irrespective of the fact that the plaintiff had come to the station on his

The need for imigration refom Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The need for imigration refom - Research Paper Example From the findings of the analysis carried out in the paper, it has been viewed that the aspect of rapid illegal immigration has been the cause of various illegal activities in the nations. Additionally, it has also been determined that reform in the current immigration policies would not only facilitate in decreasing the illegal activities but would also aid in developing an environment that would be safe for both the civilians and immigrants who migrate legally from other nations either for professional or academic purpose. Introduction The facet of immigration plays a vital role for every nation as it not only involves financial benefits but also aids in developing the country technologically and culturally among other aspects. In general, immigration is the process through which the people belonging to a particular nation move to another country owing to economic, political, natural disaster or other factors. With the advent of globalization and the increasing literacy rate, peopl e tend to emigrate from their home country to another nation because of the need to progress their professional or academic life. ... However, in recent years it has often been viewed that the lure of reaching the land of American dreams has propagated many individuals to tread the forbidden path of illegal immigration. Subsequently, in the act of immigration, people who belong to different terrorist groups move to the country either legally or illegal and cause great harm to the citizens. This has given rise to the debate amid many political critics to implement strategies and policies that would help in reforming the immigration policies effectively along with helping to maintain a safe place for the civilians to live in (U.S Department of Homeland Security, 2012; Library of Congress, n.d.). The purpose of the paper is to depict the need for immigration reform which allows legal immigration in the United States, while enabling to protect the nation from the people of groups that aim at causing it harm. Discussion History of Immigration in the United States The aspect of immigration in the United States can be div ided into four major parts. From the Colonial era to 1880, most of immigrants came from northern part of Europe especially from countries such as England, Germany and Ireland. It is worth mentioning that the Africans were also brought in America in this period through salve trade and Chinese began migrating towards the end of this period. The second period started from 1880 and ended in 1920. In this era, people especially from the southern and eastern part of Europe especially from countries such as Italy, Russia immigrated in America. The third wave of immigration can be categorized during the World War I targeting Asians, southern and eastern Europeans to strengthen the military force of the country. And, the fourth ended after the conclusion of the World War II. The Immigration